Design Principles: Navigation

With website design, the single most important aspect of any site that consists of multiple pages is the navigation.

And really, when it gets right down to it, nearly any website should have more than one page. Even Google, possibly the most singularly-focused big name of teh webs, needs navigation on its main page (though much less than in previous years, when it briefly adopted the Yahoo ‘loads of links’ format).

Anyway, unless you are presenting a single element (centered and near the top is probably the way to go, perhaps wrapped in a big logo), you’ll want to present separate pages linked by a user-friendly navigation structure. There are many great ways to do this, luckily, but even more terrible ways — that are nevertheless regularly used.

The typical web navigation cliche is the icon menu. This practice bloomed during all the Web 2.0 hype, especially with various hover effects, but has shown fairly constant growth ever since expanding bandwidth actually began to allow graphics. Crappy designers love it but shouldn’t, whereas creative designers are now avoiding it but maybe shouldn’t.

Practical considerations will often determine whether you should go for icons over text; the downside is that text loads quickly and the chance of misunderstanding is lessened. On the other hand, economical icons don’t take up much bandwidth and have more potential for universal recognition (it’s no longer necessary for a traffic light to have the words “stop” and “go” on the lamps, in any language).

And please remember that each page will not be equally important. You may think the designer credits belong right next to the home page, but very likely your employer will disagree! A hierarchical navigation structure has definite plusses and minuses…chances are you can get away with throwing many minor links away from the main menu. But make sure that anything that you want to guide people toward exists as part of the major design elements.